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Nerdy Nocą

Blog poświęcony nowinkom technologicznym, rozowjowi nauki a także odkryciom kosmicznym. Żyjemy w ciekawych czasach, również w pozytywnym aspekcie tego wyrażenia i warto o nich mówić!

Kosmos, sztuczna inteligencja i nowe technologie - IWD Partner

Sztuczna Inteligencja

Otwarty AI kontra zamknięty: giganci bronią open-weight
Sztuczna Inteligencja

Otwarty AI kontra zamknięty: giganci bronią open-weight

slawek•

W maju 2025 roku ponad dwadzieścia firm i organizacji — w tym Meta, Microsoft, Nvidia, IBM oraz Y Combinator — podpisało wspólny list otwarty skierowany do amerykańskich decydentów politycznych, żądając ochrony modeli AI z publicznie dostępnymi wagami. Zestawienie bezpośrednich rynkowych rywali pod jednym dokumentem to rzadkość w branży technologicznej i samo w sobie sygnalizuje, jak wiele stawką jest w toczącej się debacie regulacyjnej. Dla redakcji IWD Partner to nie jest zwykły list lobbingowy — to deklaracja ideologiczna, która może zadecydować o tym, kto będzie kontrolował infrastrukturę AI przez kolejną dekadę. Czym są modele open-weight i dlaczego różnią się od open source? Modele open-weight to systemy sztucznej inteligencji, w których wytrenowane parametry — tzw. wagi sieci neuronowej — są publicznie udostępniane do pobrania, inspekcji, modyfikacji i uruchamiania na własnym sprzęcie. Różni je to zasadniczo od modeli zamkniętych, takich jak produkty OpenAI czy Anthropic, gdzie wagi nigdy nie opuszczają infrastruktury dostawcy. Określenie „open-weight" nie jest tożsame z „open source" w klasycznym rozumieniu. Model może udostępniać wagi, ale jednocześnie ograniczać prawa do użytku komercyjnego lub dystrybucji — tak jak robi to Meta w przypadku rodziny modeli Llama, której licencja zawiera ograniczenia dla firm przekraczających określony próg użytkowników. Kluczowa różnica praktyczna: ktokolwiek pobierze wagi…

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Kosmos wideo

Wideo tygodnia z teleskopu Hubble
Theis video features NGC 4654, an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo (the Maiden). It is situated 72 million light-years from Earth in the Virgo Cluster, a particularly massive and populous galaxy cluster. More information and download options: http://esahubble.org/videos/potm2607a/ Credit: ESA/Hubble & NASA, D. Thilker, J. Lee and the PHANGS-HST Team, N. Bartmann (ESA/Hubble) Music: Stellardrone - Ascent
Pan video: NGC 4654
This video takes the viewer on a journey through space to a galaxy cluster named MACS J0553.4-3342, located in the constellation Columba (the Dove). More information and download options: http://esawebb.org/videos/potm2606b/ Credit: ESA/Webb, NASA, CSA, STScI, CTIO/NOIRLab/DOE/NSF/AURA, Digitized Sky Survey 2, E. Slawik, N. Risinger, D. De Martin, N. Bartmann (ESA/Webb) Music: Tonelabs – The Red North (www.tonelabs.com)
Zoom video: MACS J0553.4-3342
In new images from the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope to celebrate its fourth science anniversary, a familiar galaxy transforms into something far richer, and far more complex, than ever seen before. Webb’s unprecedented sensitivity across near- and mid-infrared wavelengths cuts through the thick lanes of dust that obscure Centaurus A’s centre in visible light, showing a densely packed tapestry of individual stars and an active, everchanging galaxy. These images mark four years of better-than-anticipated performance and successful science operations for the most powerful space telescope in history. This video shows three new views of Centaurus A as seen by Webb. More information and download options: http://esawebb.org/videos/weic2616c/ Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, A. Pagan (STScI), J. Depasquale (STScI), M. Garcia Marin (ESA Office at STScI), N. Bartmann (ESA/Webb) Music: Zoom - Tonelabs – The Red North (www.tonelabs.com)
Transition video: Centaurus A
This video takes the viewer on a journey through space to reveal a new image from the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope's Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) to celebrate its fourth anniversary of science. The video reveals the nearby galaxy Centaurus A, exposing the dusty structures and hidden activity that shape this unusual system. Webb’s infrared vision pierces thick lanes of dust that obscure much of the galaxy in visible light, unveiling intricate filaments, loops, and glowing clouds of warm dust stretching across its centre. At the heart of the galaxy, an actively feeding supermassive black hole shines brightly, surrounded by complex structures sculpted by a past galactic collision and ongoing activity. More information and download options: http://esawebb.org/videos/weic2616b/ Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, A. Pagan (STScI), J. Depasquale (STScI), M. Garcia Marin (ESA Office at STScI), N. Bartmann (ESA/Webb) Music: Stellardrone - The Night Sky in Motion
Zoom video: Centaurus A
This Space Sparks episode showcases new images from the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope to celebrate its fourth science anniversary. More information and download options: http://esawebb.org/videos/weic2616d/ Credit: Directed by: Bethany Downer and Nico Bartmann Editing: Nico Bartmann Web and technical support: Enciso Systems Written by: Bethany Downer Music: Stellardrone - The Belt of Orion Footage and photos: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI. A. Pagan (STScI), J. Depasquale (STScI), M. Garcia Marin (ESA Office at STScI), N. Bartmann (ESA/Webb)
Space Sparks Episode 28: Webb celebrates its fourth year of science
This video highlights new images from the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope to celebrate its fourth science anniversary: a familiar galaxy transforms into something far richer, and far more complex, than ever seen before. Webb’s unprecedented sensitivity across near- and mid-infrared wavelengths cuts through the thick lanes of dust that obscure Centaurus A’s centre in visible light, showing a densely packed tapestry of individual stars and an active, everchanging galaxy. These images mark four years of better-than-anticipated performance and successful science operations for the most powerful space telescope in history. More information and download options: http://esawebb.org/videos/weic2616a/ Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI. A. Pagan (STScI), J. Depasquale (STScI), M. Garcia Marin (ESA Office at STScI), N. Bartmann (ESA/Webb) Music: Stellardrone - Twilight
Pan video: Centaurus A
This Space Sparks episode highlights science results from Webb's 4th year of science operations. More information and download options: http://esawebb.org/videos/weic2616e/ Credit: Directed by: Bethany Downer and Nico Bartmann Editing: Nico Bartmann Web and technical support: Enciso Systems Written by: Kerry Hensley Music: Noizefield - Expect The Unexpected Footage and photos: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, N. Bartmann (ESA/Webb), Y. Cheng (NAOJ), J. DePasquale (STScI), G. Gozaliasl, A. Koekemoer, M. Franco, G. Rihtaršič (University of Ljubljana, FMF), R. Tripodi (University of Ljubljana, FMF), A. Levan (IMAPP), R. Naidu (MIT), P. Tiranti, H. Melin, M. Zamani (ESA/Webb), A. Leroy, A. Pedrini, A. Adamo (Stockholm University) and the FEAST JWST team, L. Furtak (Ben-Gurion University), R. Maiolino (Cambridge), F. D'Eugenio (Cambridge), I. Juodžbalis (Cambridge), H. Übler (MPE), C. Marconcini (University of Florence)
Space Sparks Episode 29: Highlights from Webb’s fourth year of science
This Space Sparks episode highlights images from Webb's 4th year of science operations. More information and download options: http://esawebb.org/videos/weic2616f/ Credit: Directed by: Bethany Downer and Nico Bartmann Editing: Nico Bartmann Web and technical support: Enciso Systems Written by: Kerry Hensley Music: Stellardrone - Ascent Footage and photos: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, N. Bartmann (ESA/Webb), G. Östlin, P. G. Perez-Gonzalez, J. Melinder, the JADES Collaboration, the MIDIS collaboration, M. Zamani (ESA/Webb), M. Villenave et al., J. H. Kastner (Rochester Institute of Technology), A. Adamo (Stockholm University), G. Bortolini, and the FEAST JWST team, Almendros-Abad, M. Guarcello, K. Monsch, and the EWOCS team, C. Willott (National Research Council Canada), R. Tripodi (INAF - Astronomical Observatory of Rome), A. Leroy, T. Megeath
Space Sparks Episode 30: Webb’s fourth year in images
In this ESA/Webb Picture of the Month from the NASA/ESA/CSA we are taken on a visit to a building site of significant scale. The project is a galaxy cluster named MACS J0553.4-3342, located in the constellation Columba (the Dove). We are seeing MACS J0553.4-3342 as it was 4.4 billion years in the past. But for a galaxy cluster, this is relatively young. In fact, observations with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope and other telescopes show a cluster still in the process of being built. Learn more about this image here. More information and download options: http://esawebb.org/videos/potm2606a/ Credit: ESA/Webb, NASA & CSA, S. Fujimoto, N. Bartmann (ESA/Webb) Music: Stellardrone - Twilight
Pan video: MACS J0553.4-3342
This video highlights the lastest ESA/Hubble Picture of the Month feature: the globular cluster NGC 6723 (also called the Chandelier Cluster). This cluster sparkles with countless stars 27 000 light-years away in the constellation Sagittarius (the Archer). You can learn more about this image here. More information and download options: http://esahubble.org/videos/potm2606a/ Credit: ESA/Hubble & NASA, A. Sarajedini, G. Piotto, N. Bartmann (ESA/Hubble) Music: Stellardrone - Ascent
Pan video: NGC 6723
This Space Sparks highlights Webb's new view of the edge-on spiral galaxy M82. More information and download options: http://esawebb.org/videos/weic2612d/ Credit: Directed by: Bethany Downer and Nico Bartmann Editing: Nico Bartmann Web and technical support: Enciso Systems Written by: Bethany Downer Music: Stellardrone - Light Years Footage and photos: NASA, ESA, CSA, A. Smercina (STScI), T. Williams (University of Manchester), A. Pagan (STScI), N. Bartmann (ESA/Webb).
Space Sparks Episode 27: pinpoints millions of stars within Cigar Galaxy
This video takes the viewer on a journey through space to edge-on starburst galaxy Messier 82 (M82), nicknamed the Cigar Galaxy. More information and download options: http://esawebb.org/videos/weic2612b/ Credit: ESA/Webb, NASA, CSA, NOIRLab/NSF/AURA, Digitized Sky Survey 2, ESA/Hubble, the Hubble Heritage Team, A. Smercina (STScI), T. Williams (University of Manchester), A. Pagan (STScI), N. Bartmann (ESA/Webb), E. Slawik, N. Risinger, D. De Martin (ESA/Hubble), T.A. Rector (University of Alaska Anchorage), J. Gallagher (University of Wisconsin), M. Mountain (AURA), P. Puxley (NSF). M. Zamani (ESA/Webb), A. Smercina (STScI), T. Williams (University of Manchester) Music: Tonelabs – The Red North (www.tonelabs.com)
Zoom video: M82
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